What is the term for a local government's power to designate land use zones?

The correct term for a local government's power to designate land use zones is "planning and zoning." This concept involves the regulatory frameworks that allow local authorities to establish guidelines for how land can be used within their jurisdiction. By designating specific zones for residential, commercial, industrial, or agricultural use, planning and zoning help to control urban growth, protect the environment, and ensure that developments are compatible with surrounding areas.

Planning and zoning also play a crucial role in addressing community needs and managing resources effectively, leading to organized development patterns that enhance the quality of life for residents. This process includes various aspects such as land-use planning, building regulations, and the establishment of zoning codes that dictate how land can be utilized.

In contrast, land banking refers to the practice of acquiring and holding onto land for future development or preservation. Urban development generally speaks to broader initiatives aimed at improving and revitalizing areas of a city, while community development focuses more on enhancing the quality of life in communities through economic, social, and physical improvements.