Which body is responsible for overseeing the state's public university system?

The Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia is tasked with the responsibility of overseeing the state's public university system. This governing body ensures that public higher education institutions in Georgia operate effectively, maintain academic standards, and respond to the educational needs of the state. The Board has the authority to set policies, manage budgets, and make decisions regarding the management and direction of the state's public universities.

In contrast, the Department of Education typically oversees K-12 education, not higher education. The Governor’s Office may play an influential role in education policy and funding but does not directly manage the university system. The State Legislature has the power to create laws and provide funding for higher education but does not oversee the daily operations or governance of universities. Therefore, the Board of Regents is the correct answer regarding oversight of Georgia's public university system.